
26 segments available
with Boris Sofman (@bsofman), Dave Touretzky (@DaveTouretzky), and Hanne Tidnam (@omnivorousreader) We're just now beginning to truly see the the first 'real' robots in the home, from Roombas to toys to companions to... well, much more. How are humans beginning to forge relationships with these robotic devices (/entities!) -- and how will those relationships develop? What do we learn as we begin to forge relationships and interact with robotic toys like Cosmo and Vector -- about robots, and about ourselves? And what do these learnings teach us about the possibility of adding a "personality wrapper" to new technologies? In this episode of the a16z Podcast, CEO and cofounder of Anki Boris Sofman, and Research Professor of Computer Science at CMU Dave Touretzky, discuss with a16z's Hanne Tidnam where we are in the human-robotic future, the history of robotics that has brought us here, and the next big breakthroughs -- in hardware, software, perception, navigation, and manipulation -- that will bring in the next waves of innovation for robots.
In this segment, Hanne Tidnam introduces the podcast episode featuring Boris Sofman and Dave Touretzky, discussing the evolution of robotics in the home. They explore the significance of early robotic companions like Cosmo and how they represent a foundational step towards more advanced human-robot relationships.
"hi and welcome to the a 16z podcast I'm Hannah and in this episode we talk about robotics in the home becoming a reality Boris often CEO and co-founder of Anki and Dave turetsky professor of computer ..."
Boris Sofman explains the strategic decision to start with toy robots like Cosmo, emphasizing the need for a bottom-up approach in robotics. He discusses the challenges of achieving advanced manipulation and AI, and how early entertainment applications can pave the way for future innovations in robotics.
"start with a toy what does that represent for where we are now and ultimately where we're trying to get to in robotics yes when we started Anki we always realized that in order to get into some of the..."
The conversation shifts to the historical context of consumer robotics, highlighting Sony's AIBO robot dog as a landmark product. Sofman reflects on the challenges faced by early mobile manipulators and how advancements in technology have made it possible to create more affordable and capable robots today.
"space which hadn't seen much innovation at all but for the first time bring a robot to life where the level of creativity that you're allowed to have in a toy is much higher and you can build a lot of..."
Sofman discusses the success of the Roomba vacuum cleaner, explaining how it found a niche task that robots could perform adequately. He contrasts this with the challenges of creating robots that can handle more complex tasks, emphasizing the need for practical applications that provide real utility.
"sort of a capability that even five years earlier would have probably costs multiples of that amount or just been absolutely impossible we basically became for our early product scavengers of the smar..."
The discussion continues with the exploration of what tasks robots can realistically perform in homes. Sofman poses the question of how robots can be designed to assist with simple tasks, like making a sandwich, without requiring advanced manipulation skills, highlighting the balance between utility and feasibility.
"vacuuming my floor right over the course of like eight hours so when people think about home applications right there's the Roomba that's down on the floor and then there's Rosie from the Jets right w..."
Sofman introduces the concept of robots as companions, drawing parallels to pets. He discusses how robots like Cosmo and Vector can provide entertainment and companionship while also serving practical purposes, marking a significant step towards mass-market home robots.
"robot they can actually provide a mix of entertainment and companionship but with elements of utility we modeled this in a lot of ways after the sort of pets you have in your home a pet cat a pet dog ..."
The segment focuses on the technological advancements that have enabled the development of more sophisticated robots. Sofman explains how integrating cloud connectivity and advanced sensors allows robots to interact intelligently with their environment, paving the way for future innovations in home robotics.
"can be initiated by him what happens down the road is actually starting to more intentionally dial into all of the digital pipelines in your life whether it's a smart home your own calendar and partic..."
Sofman emphasizes the importance of physical interaction with robots for learning and development. He discusses the challenges of programming robots to navigate and interact with their environment, highlighting the educational potential of robotics for children and aspiring programmers.
"wouldn't have been possible earlier has what you think about changed at all with vector you know the ways that this kind of programming has evolved with vector the capabilities just skyrocket because ..."
The conversation concludes with a discussion on the critical nature of the human-robot interface. Sofman reflects on how experiencing interactions with robots can reshape our understanding of their capabilities and the relationships we form with these entities, emphasizing the novelty of this dynamic.
"do one of the articles mentioned recently that vector feels like a beachhead into something bigger and it does seem like you know we're getting air dropped in this sort of little taste of like the fan..."
Sofman shares insights on the impact of eye contact in human-robot interactions, revealing that increasing the frequency of eye contact significantly enhances user engagement. This highlights the subtle yet powerful cues that can influence how users perceive and interact with robots.
"the way we approached it is we actually have an animation studio inside the company oh you do we do with folks from Pixar DreamWorks and these sorts of backgrounds and so they literally they're using ..."
The conversation shifts to how robots can adapt their behaviors to suit different user preferences. Sofman discusses the challenge of creating algorithms that allow robots to respond dynamically to various contexts, similar to how people choose pets that match their personalities.
"there's a whole new kind of physical manifestation of storytelling and they have to partner with the roboticists and the AI team the systems team where they have to leverage the knowns of the environm..."
Sofman and Touretzky delve into the emerging consumer category of robotic companions, emphasizing the need for robots to fulfill companionship roles. They discuss how understanding user preferences can lead to more personalized and engaging robotic experiences.
"that one parameter and so you get these like really subtle interactions where it's a sort of data that you can only really learn about at large-scale once you're actually fielding these robots what ar..."
Dave Touretzky shares his perspective on how children perceive robots as mechanisms, emphasizing the importance of understanding robot behavior. He discusses how this understanding can change the way people interact with technology and perceive its capabilities.
"need I mean there's a reason people get cats and dogs and other pets although to your point about personalization it's as if right you could not only just choose your breed but then have your dog lite..."
Touretzky reflects on how the integration of technology into daily life has evolved, using menu systems as an example. He discusses how working with robots like Cosmo helps users understand robot perception and encourages a deeper engagement with technology.
"robot sees the world and understand you know why did the robot do this right well because the robot perceived the world in a certain way or the robot had a plan it was trying to execute and I want kid..."
The discussion turns to the future of robotics literacy and how growing up with robots will shape societal understanding of technology. Touretzky emphasizes the importance of making robotics accessible and intuitive for future generations.
"so you adjust your behaviors based on your expectations and your experience of robots that see and so that's happening more quickly with speech recognition because of the proliferation of speech recog..."
Touretzky concludes by exploring the potential for intuitive robotic design that allows users to express their intent easily. He envisions a future where everyday users can program robots for complex tasks, enhancing the interaction between humans and machines.
"house down yet you can do an awful lot with exploring this manipulation space and my personal interest is figuring out how to get people to teach robots like Cosmo and Vector to do manipulation the wa..."
The conversation shifts to the importance of aesthetics in robotics, particularly how the design of robots like Cosmo and Vector plays into their perceived cuteness. Sofman discusses how a non-intrusive design allows for creativity and user forgiveness of limitations, making interactions more enjoyable and engaging.
"where in a lot of places you can just think Oh trotters need to do this software needs to do this and we need a box around it you can't do that in robotics because everything is from the very beginnin..."
Sofman elaborates on how the physical design of robots contributes to their personality. He explains that even with limited physical capabilities, features like arms and facial expressions can significantly enhance a robot's character, making it more relatable and engaging for users.
"that's right and people become forgiving of any limitations or mistakes that the robot that makes it's okay because you're cute it's not annoyed even better when you actually get bonus points for maki..."
The discussion touches on the historical influences that shape our expectations of robots. Sofman reflects on how characters like R2-D2 and Wall-E have set a precedent for cute, intelligent robots, while also addressing the importance of avoiding the 'uncanny valley' by designing robots that are not overly human-like.
"about the arms I'm interested in the arms because vector and Kosmo kind of harken back I think to other ideas about what robots might look like like walid tell me about the thinking behind that we rea..."
Sofman discusses the significance of emotional intelligence in robots, emphasizing that a robot's ability to convey character and emotion can enhance user engagement. He contrasts the design of Cosmo and Vector with traditional robots, highlighting how character-driven design fosters a more forgiving and relatable interaction.
"understand what the purpose is it's disarming to have a character I Cosmo vector where he has a camera you have a camera in your house that's able to move around on his own but nobody ever it feels ba..."
The segment explores how children interact with robots like Cosmo, revealing that kids often project emotions onto these characters. Sofman shares surprising insights from playtests where children showed empathy towards the robot, prioritizing its feelings over competitiveness, which highlights the unique emotional connections formed between humans and robots.
"know it's there having seen kind of the industry evolved what do you think are some of those inherited ideas that are impacting our design today it's always been a merger of direct robotic influences ..."
Sofman explains how the lessons learned from Cosmo's interactions informed the development of Vector. He discusses the importance of voice recognition, tactile feedback, and the need for robots to maintain an 'always-on' presence to enhance emotional connections with users.
"so high yeah and they'd actually throw a game just to make him happy and you would never feel bad playing pacman or like fortnight that's whatever yeah yeah it's just you were trying to win and here t..."
This segment explores the integration of personality into voice assistants like Alexa. Sofman reveals how character-driven interactions can lead to higher engagement levels compared to traditional voice commands, emphasizing the potential for robots to initiate interactions and create personal connections.
"so these are the sort of things there were direct drivers of the hardware that improved in vector which now we have a many year roadmap on how to actually utilizing and that's where advances in softwa..."
Sofman discusses the challenges and considerations for achieving mass adoption of robots in homes. He emphasizes the need for affordable technology and advanced capabilities to justify their use, while also addressing the importance of emotional interfaces in enhancing user experience.
"would never accept from smart TAC in the home right now one of our big questions is if the usage pattern of Alexa through a character is significantly different than the usage pattern of a normal Alex..."
In this segment, Sofman highlights the significance of computing power in overcoming hardware limitations in robotics. He explains how advancements in AI and sensing capabilities can lead to more effective manipulation in unstructured environments, paving the way for practical applications in everyday life.
"the things you ask and how you interact with it it something totally new about voice as a platform that's it and I think that opens our eyes and I think a lot of the partners that we work with suddenl..."
Sofman concludes by discussing the future of robots as extensions of computer science into the real world. He envisions a future where robots can understand and interact with their environments, transforming digital problems into physical solutions, and enhancing various sectors like healthcare and education.
"power you can make that manipulator do amazing things and it's all this if you have no power and a bad manipulator then things don't work right but now it's the computing power becomes so much better ..."