
63 segments available
Recorded 16 November 2017 Discover how to kick-start innovation and deliver sustained growth, even in highly uncertain environments. Join entrepreneur Eric Ries in conversation with Dr Lourdes Sosa as he discusses his new book The Startup Way. Drawing on his experiences of working with iconic organisations following the release of his international bestseller The Lean Start Up, Ries offers a new framework for entrepreneurial management, showing how the startup ethos can breathe new life into companies of all sizes. Eric Ries (@ericries) is an entrepreneur and author of the international bestseller The Lean Startup. He has founded a number of startups including IMVU, where he served as CTO, and is the founder and current CEO of the Long-Term Stock Exchange. Ries has also advised on business and product strategy for startups, venture capital firms, and large companies, including General Electric, where he partnered to create the FastWorks programme. He has served as Entrepreneur-in-Residence at Harvard Business School, IDEO, and Pivotal. Lourdes Sosa is Associate Professor in LSE’s Department of Management. She researches technological discontinuities, a pervasive phenomenon in which a radical change in technologies disrupts a market. Prior to academia, Dr Sosa worked in R&D management at General Electric and General Motors. The Department of Management (@LSEManagement) is a globally diverse academic community at the heart of the LSE, taking a unique interdisciplinary, academically in-depth approach to the study of management and organisations.
Eric Ries returns to LSE to discuss his influential work on entrepreneurial management. The introduction highlights his bestselling book 'The Lean Startup' and sets the stage for a conversation about his new framework, 'The Startup Way.' This segment emphasizes the importance of innovation and the role of entrepreneurial management in transforming company culture.
"we are delighted to have a regress entrepreneur and author to join us for the third time we are absolutely fortunate that he is a continuous presence in our community and we thank him for this opportu..."
Eric Ries reflects on the evolution of his ideas from 'The Lean Startup' to 'The Startup Way.' He discusses how his experiences with startups and larger organizations led him to realize that entrepreneurial management could be applied more broadly. This transition marks a significant shift in his approach to fostering innovation in various organizational contexts.
"Ries to the Elysee thank you all so much this is uh it's an honor to be back at LSE so thank you for for us to me once again thank you I'm gonna start us from the very beginning we want to know how yo..."
Ries critiques the traditional narrative-driven approach to entrepreneurship education, emphasizing the need for a more rigorous and structured methodology. He introduces his definition of a startup as a human institution designed to create something new under conditions of extreme uncertainty, highlighting the importance of management in this context.
"I wish I could say it was my master plan all along and then I knew what was going to happen I'm really as surprised as anybody first of all I can't even explain when I when I wrote the Lean Startup th..."
In this segment, Ries shares insights from his interactions with corporate managers who seek to innovate within large organizations. He discusses the common challenges they face, including the disconnect between innovative teams and traditional management practices, and the need for a new approach to entrepreneurial management.
"intellectual foundation so I had started with this definition of what it is a start-up everyone remembers a human institution designed to create something new under conditions of extreme uncertainty s..."
Ries explores the similarities in organizational structures between startups and established companies, revealing that both often replicate outdated management practices. He questions why new companies continue to adopt these structures and emphasizes the need for a management theory that reflects the realities of the 21st century.
"budgeting and you know matrix management and whatever else and they said you know not listening to me I already told you I'm a I'm a general manager who runs a division of a big company I have politic..."
Ries articulates his vision for a new management theory that addresses the unique challenges of modern businesses. He critiques the reliance on traditional business manifestos and advocates for a practical knowledge base that can guide organizations in implementing effective entrepreneurial management practices.
"a few of them over drinks you know in the evening would confide in me I'm not even sure I could get a job at this company if I wasn't the founder CEO and I'm not sure I would want to work here I mean ..."
Ries describes his experiences working with both large corporations and startups, noting the surprising similarities in their challenges. He reflects on how both types of organizations struggle with management issues, despite their differences in size and culture, and the implications this has for entrepreneurial management.
"and so I was having this very strange double life this has been my life the last five or six years sometimes in the very same day in the morning I'm with the CEO of a massive multinational company in ..."
In this segment, Ries shares a case study from his work with General Electric, detailing a project aimed at applying Lean Startup principles to a new diesel engine product. He discusses the challenges of fostering innovation within a large corporation and the importance of adapting entrepreneurial practices to fit corporate environments.
"look in you could look in their brain in the in the box that says what is a company what does it look like they have this very specific blueprint in mind that's all we know we build companies a very s..."
Ries recounts his experience conducting a workshop at GE, where he faced skepticism about applying Lean Startup methods to a complex engineering project. He emphasizes the importance of asking the right questions and understanding existing processes to effectively implement innovative practices in corporate settings.
"about jeez I think that's that's kind of a that's a company that people know you understand the products that they make and you can imagine the challenges that they have when it comes time to do innov..."
In a workshop setting with corporate vice presidents observing, Ries describes the challenges of applying Lean Startup ideas to a new diesel engine project. He highlights the skepticism from engineers about creating a 'minimum viable engine' and the complexities involved in the project.
"setup for a second here's what the workshop looked like we were in a tiered business school classroom seating a little bit more fancy than this but the same basic idea right here sitting down in front..."
Ries reflects on a revenue forecast presented during the workshop, which featured a classic 'hockey stick' growth curve. He critiques the unrealistic nature of long-term forecasts in uncertain industries, emphasizing the need for a more grounded approach to business planning.
"the answers but let's let me ask some questions and see if I can understand first of all what is the currently approved plan so first of all someone teach me how you make an engine how does it work an..."
Ries challenges the assumptions behind the diesel engine project, questioning the validity of the revenue forecast and the technical requirements. He emphasizes the importance of testing hypotheses early in the development process rather than relying on untested assumptions.
"years or Series X engine and we have big screen like this the first five bars are blank there's no bars of course during the five years of stealth R&D in which so we know customers naturally followed ..."
Discussing the importance of understanding customer needs, Ries highlights the necessity of building a dealership network for the diesel engine. He questions the team's preparedness to establish such a network and the implications for the project's success.
"meant no disrespect but seriously who in this room actually could tell me with a straight face that you believe in the year 2035 you're gonna make exactly 2.8 billion dollar you know whatever nonsense..."
Ries introduces the concept of a Minimum Viable Product (MVP) as a way to test assumptions about customer needs and market viability. He advocates for starting with simpler use cases to accelerate development and reduce risk.
"I understand you don't order it on Amazon but when they're like oh well you have to have an extensive dealership network for service and support and sales and I'm like ah just like Monty Python uh do ..."
Ries discusses the potential for rapid prototyping in the diesel engine project, emphasizing the importance of market feedback. He shares a moment of excitement when an engineer suggests modifying an existing engine to meet customer demands quickly.
"different segments and are you sure that you have the right price point and the right business model and like well don't worry we spent a lot of time gathering the requirements as I go you harvest the..."
Ries recounts a moment of corporate resistance when a vice president expresses concern over the shift from a grand vision to a more modest prototype. He highlights the tension between ambitious goals and practical steps in innovation.
"times we're like pretty good and what about you you must have to develop a prototype engine before you go to mass production right so how long to create one and you know maybe that has to happen you k..."
Ries emphasizes the value of experimentation in business, arguing that without testing assumptions, companies risk significant investments in uncertain projects. He advocates for a mindset shift towards validating ideas before full-scale implementation.
"Fame because I got this coming out it's all gonna be great until the statute was put on hold temporarily because one of the vice presidents was really really not having a good time and I mean we're ta..."
Ries discusses the transformation at GE, which began with the diesel engine project and evolved into a broader initiative called FastWorks. He explains how this program fostered a culture of innovation across various business units.
"what it might look like to pursue a project like this in a different way so it wasn't that I told them what to do but they themselves had started to internalize this different question different way o..."
Ries outlines a three-phase model for organizational transformation, highlighting the importance of critical mass, wide deployment, and deep system reform. He shares insights from his experiences at GE and other organizations.
"we wound up in those first couple years training every CEO of every one of their businesses every one of their direct reports effectively every executive and what they call the executive band and abov..."
Ries provides his working definition of culture as the way people work without explicit instructions. He emphasizes the need to understand and shape organizational culture to support innovation and effective management.
"language and common kind of story based anyway that the book is based on done perfect and so if I can take one piece of these three-phase approach that you just cry for us the book is called the Sarah..."
Ries critiques the tendency in business to rely on unscientific predictions. He argues for applying scientific methods to business decisions, contrasting the rigorous approach of research with the often speculative nature of business forecasting.
"example I we did the transformation in fast words we went to the GE the global research center their PhD research lab is like one of the last true industrial research centers in the world it's a credi..."
Ries discusses the systemic changes needed to foster a culture of innovation, including accountability and decision-making processes. He stresses that changing culture requires addressing the underlying systems that inhibit creativity.
"science when you're in the lab like is there an employee handbook where it says be sure to use the scientific method not astrology they looked at me like nobody has you don't have to put that in that ..."
Ries explains that accountability is the cornerstone of effective management and cultural transformation. He highlights the need to change how people are held accountable before addressing processes and culture, suggesting that without this foundational shift, innovation efforts will be stifled.
"a very bad consultant because most senior executives don't want to hear it fine with me as this dr. Deming once said it is not necessary to change survival is not mandatory what do I care you know oka..."
In response to a question, Ries asserts the critical link between immigration and entrepreneurship, citing studies that show how immigrants drive economic growth. He emphasizes the importance of welcoming immigrants to foster innovation and challenges the anti-immigration sentiment prevalent in some discussions.
"reform give it a much for your insights Eric thank you and I think I'm norther to continue the pursuit of learning we need to get our audience involved we will have a microphone for anyone who wants t..."
Ries shares his experiences lobbying for a startup visa in the U.S., highlighting the barriers faced by immigrant entrepreneurs. He critiques the current immigration system that complicates the process for startup founders, arguing that it undermines the potential for job creation and economic dynamism.
"I mean seriously every study that has ever been done in the history of this entire field has shown that immigration is essential to entrepreneurial formation and that entrepreneur formation is the dri..."
Ries discusses the irrationality of U.S. immigration policies that hinder potential entrepreneurs. He illustrates the contradiction of sending away individuals who have invested years in education and resources, only to deny them the opportunity to contribute as job creators.
"we gotta be we have to be have engaged in leadership role in as the entrepreneur communities management community so in the US budget can be one example we we tried very hard at Silicon Valley to lobb..."
Ries emphasizes the global nature of entrepreneurship and the portability of capital. He argues that while investors can fund startups anywhere, the local economic impacts of job creation are crucial and should not be overlooked in immigration discussions.
"like oh so zero and it just they don't have the right so we were lobbying Congress to to get them to pass that startup beat so this is not star does not have a happy ending as you can imagine and and ..."
Ries critiques the idea of giving teams carte blanche in innovation efforts, arguing that accountability and structured processes are essential for success. He compares entrepreneurship to other corporate functions, stressing the importance of having dedicated leadership and clear objectives.
"from wherever I mean walking around London I'm like wow I see a lot of American brand names here it's like yes we can sell products headquarter anywhere anywhere else that we want that's wonderful Cap..."
Ries shares insights on how to manage innovation within organizations, advocating for a gradual approach to scaling successful pilot programs. He warns against the pitfalls of rushing to full deployment without adequate testing and validation.
"forever unless we work to make itself oh hi everybody up here believe there's there's so many of them quite a number of questions good hi my name is Dina I'm customer strategy consultant I'm just wond..."
Ries discusses the significance of measuring progress in innovation initiatives, emphasizing the need for patience and a long-term perspective. He illustrates how understanding cycle time and other metrics can lead to better decision-making and outcomes in corporate innovation.
"it'll be fine or my favorite let's start a finance lab we'll just we'll go create a cool building you know the entrepreneurial lab the Innovation Lab has exposed brick this one's gonna be super boring..."
Ries addresses the bureaucratic challenges that can stifle innovation, highlighting the need for executives to support and understand the processes behind entrepreneurial initiatives. He advocates for a collaborative approach to defining policies that foster innovation.
"TechCrunch for two seconds that's true in corporate settings too I would much rather have a CEO well you know like Jeff Immelt was who said you don't have carte blanche I'd like to understand how this..."
In response to a question about Clayton Christensen's theories, Ries acknowledges their validity while pointing out practical challenges in implementation. He discusses the importance of recognizing the opportunities created by disruption and the need for organizations to adapt to survive.
"micro scale and then the other thing that's really important when we design these programs is we have to start to think by orders of magnitude rather than like an ICBM so the other common mistake I se..."
Ries explains the historical approaches to implementing innovation, such as skunkworks projects and reverse mergers. He discusses the limitations of these methods and how they often lead to secrecy and distrust among middle managers, ultimately hindering continuous innovation within organizations.
"could do to implement his recommendations would be to either do a skunkworks project in secret off to the side or do like he's documented several examples of a reverse merger where you basically spin ..."
This segment highlights the frustrations of researchers whose groundbreaking work often remains uncommercialized. Ries shares anecdotes about innovative research sitting idle due to corporate reluctance to change, emphasizing the need for entrepreneurial functions to bridge the gap between research and market application.
"best we could do before but now we have much better management theory for the practice of how entrepreneurial teams should be run we have far more data about the kind of Silicon Valley and startup som..."
Ries discusses the importance of creating pathways for research to reach the market. He shares insights from his experience at GE, where they developed mechanisms for scientists to prototype and sell their innovations directly, challenging traditional corporate structures that stifle entrepreneurial efforts.
"you do a day of that and you will really be depressed because the most amazing breakthroughs are just sitting I mean our labs are full of incredible breakthroughs now if I go interview the relevant co..."
In this segment, Ries emphasizes the necessity of aligning research and development with actual customer needs. He recounts a case where assumptions about product specifications led to misalignment with market demands, illustrating the critical role of customer feedback in successful innovation.
"currently a political question but it ought to be an empirical question they said no customers will pay the price premium for it or won't get right like they claim there's always practical problems ok..."
Ries explores how advancements in technology, such as 3D printing, can revolutionize product development cycles. He shares a case study of a kitchen appliance team that leveraged new technologies to drastically reduce the time between product iterations, highlighting the importance of adaptability in manufacturing.
"made the research problem harder for yourselves by not understanding what the customers want and I just give you a really trivial example we had this amazing technology that was going to be used to do..."
Ries warns against the common misconception that technology alone can drive innovation. He stresses the importance of building management capabilities to effectively test and learn before investing in digital tools, advocating for a strategic approach to integrating technology into business practices.
"research and development and most companies nobody is yes we get our microphone um I want to ask about technology because you started with a waterfall and the waterfall was created at the time of when..."
In this segment, Ries discusses the proliferation of incubators and accelerators, questioning their effectiveness in fostering genuine innovation. He reflects on the mixed results of such programs and emphasizes the need for rigorous evaluation to determine their true impact on startup success.
"cycle time down for a production process like a little little IT goes a long way and I'll give you an example I was working on a kitchen appliance with the team where it says like high-end appliances ..."
Ries advocates for a shift in public policy towards entrepreneurship, suggesting that instead of funding incubators, governments should provide direct financial support to individuals. He argues that a thriving economy, rather than just startup funding, is essential for fostering innovation and entrepreneurship among ordinary people.
"beautiful space exposed brick and you know a really they had hundreds of companies working in the accelerator and I was really they had all these coaches and all this was learn it was look really amaz..."
In this segment, Ries emphasizes that startups require customers more than they need financing. He discusses the importance of creating a robust economy to stimulate entrepreneurship and suggests that financial support should focus on empowering potential entrepreneurs rather than solely funding existing startups.
"some we're gonna do that with government money we have to figure out how to do it rigorously so we don't have these political distortions and frankly to your point about the top 10% at Lee I would muc..."
Ries proposes the idea of providing microloans to citizens as a way to stimulate entrepreneurship. He argues that many potential startups are never founded due to a lack of initial funding and suggests that direct financial support could unlock significant entrepreneurial potential.
"like I've been talking to in the book there's a policy chapter and I try to talk about what a pro entrepreneurship public policy would look like and it was just the same conversation we're having with..."
Ries discusses the need for pilot programs to test new economic policies aimed at fostering entrepreneurship. He advocates for a systematic approach to evaluate the effectiveness of these initiatives, emphasizing the importance of empirical data in shaping public policy.
"and then as soon as I said in the US if I say something like this we're like wait a minute you're gonna give a thousand dollars of credit to every citizen in the United States that would be three hund..."
In this segment, Ries explores why Silicon Valley has become a hub for technology entrepreneurship compared to other regions. He attributes its success to specific policy choices and cultural factors rather than inherent advantages, highlighting the importance of replicable strategies for fostering startup ecosystems.
"hey yes yes exactly this is our participant and then in the meantime get a microphone on the other side now we're going IRA got it got it going again exactly we're having really serious but thank you ..."
Ries explains the rationale behind startup valuations, emphasizing the probabilistic nature of their worth. He discusses how valuations are influenced by both current asset values and future potential, illustrating the complexities of assessing a startup's true value.
"like the most hilarious pet theories about why Americans are better at what we do than they are and I don't believe that that really has anything to do with anything first of all America is not good a..."
Ries warns against the dangers of unregulated capital in the startup ecosystem, drawing parallels to historical financial crises. He stresses the need for transparency and regulation to prevent the negative consequences of unchecked investment in high-growth startups.
"do with California having really pro-labor non-compete agreements so that you wouldn't get sued if you took knowledge out of your and good intellectual property this is like some very basic stuff abou..."
Eric Ries reflects on historical lessons learned from his grandparents, who experienced the Great Depression and the Holocaust. He warns against the perils of unregulated money chasing hyper-growth opportunities, emphasizing that human nature has not improved since the 1930s. Ries discusses the current liquidity crisis and the lack of transparency in private companies, drawing parallels to past financial scandals.
"grandparents learn this lesson the hard way and I grew a mic my grandparents were victims of the depression and the Holocaust and so I you know a lot of things happening in the world right now are biz..."
Ries discusses the implications of private capital in today's market, highlighting how companies that would have previously gone public are now staying private. He raises concerns about the influence of foreign investments, particularly from state actors, on American companies like Facebook, and the potential risks associated with this lack of public investment opportunities.
"need to know what's going on you think about the scandals that have erupted in some of those companies in a previous generation all those scandals would have been uncovered forget they would have been..."
In response to a question about the challenges faced by big banks, Ries shares insights on how regulatory pressures can stifle innovation. He recounts experiences with financial services companies that have successfully adopted Lean Startup principles to navigate compliance issues, emphasizing the importance of cross-functional teams in fostering innovation.
"the gap at first it was venture capital and private equity firms but the rounds are so large who can make these investments may well cinema is awash in petrol State dollars Facebook was financed it tu..."
Ries addresses the criticisms of startup culture regarding inclusivity and discrimination. He discusses the need for the startup ethos to evolve and adapt to contemporary challenges, particularly in how technology and AI are developed. He emphasizes the importance of diverse voices in shaping the future of innovation.
"so I don't know I don't know if that what the equivalent UK version of these scandals are if you have them yet but if you follow our footsteps you too can have these same problems I was oh we are this..."
Ries shares a story about a healthcare company struggling with compliance issues and how integrating compliance personnel into product teams can lead to innovative solutions. He illustrates how regulatory misunderstandings can hinder progress and how collaboration can unlock new opportunities.
"advise a big bang to go about challenging this humongous task that they have to do that's that's one question second question sorry all right the first one is a technical question so the second questi..."
Ries tackles the contentious topic of meritocracy in the tech industry, arguing that biases in selection processes undermine true meritocratic ideals. He highlights the importance of addressing unconscious biases and making systemic changes to ensure a more equitable environment for all talent.
"these words everyone down here was really easy I don't know I feel like maybe we have reverse discrimination against the lower decks and I know yeah no thank you for that seriously in all seriousness ..."
Ries discusses the historical contributions of women in technology, specifically referencing the story of Elizabeth Friedman, a pioneer in cryptography. He critiques the industry's tendency to overlook these contributions and emphasizes the need to acknowledge and celebrate diverse figures in tech history.
"seems very risky to allow you know an individual engineer could push up or change to production like in 15 minutes they would actually do live customer service support the engineers would take the pho..."
Ries shares his experiences in organizing conferences and the steps taken to ensure diversity among speakers. He emphasizes the importance of making conscious efforts to create inclusive environments that encourage participation from underrepresented groups in the tech industry.
"the financial services health care company building a new high science product that is gonna be sold to hospitals and the team was having a really hard time with the compliance function there was this..."
Ries concludes by discussing how symbolic changes in selection processes can lead to real shifts in diversity within organizations. He shares successful strategies implemented at his conferences that resulted in a more balanced representation of speakers, highlighting the need for ongoing efforts to improve inclusivity.
"gonna have a chance to weigh in from the beginning yeah interesting okay keep going with the workshop breakout time so when we sit down to the breakout table we're brainstorming different MVPs of what..."
Eric Ries discusses the biases present in selection processes for incubators and accelerators, emphasizing that the lack of diversity in applicants often stems from systemic issues. He highlights the importance of recognizing these biases and making symbolic changes to attract a more diverse pool of candidates, illustrating this with his own experiences in organizing conferences.
"better and what's so funny about this argument is when you hear people talk when I get flamed about this the flame always goes like this you're suggesting that my that our selection process and Mari a..."
Ries shares how implementing symbolic changes, such as blind reviews and inclusive language in calls for proposals, can significantly alter the demographics of applicants. He recounts the success of these changes at a conference, achieving gender parity and increased representation of people of color, demonstrating that small adjustments can lead to substantial shifts in participation.
"this is an area where the symbolic is real if you make symbolic changes to convince people that you have a fair selection process it will change who applies we did that at the conference we made a big..."
In this segment, Ries compares the cultural transformation in large corporations to that in government agencies. He recounts the successful rescue of healthcare.gov by Lean Startup pioneers within the federal government, illustrating how innovative practices can lead to significant improvements in public sector efficiency and effectiveness.
"question and I'm gonna reassure everyone that a DLSE will randomly select can again the person right here on the front with the scarf to give us a lust no pressure no pressure for this question but it..."
Ries shares a fascinating story about Lean Startup initiatives within the National Security Agency (NSA). He discusses the challenges and innovations related to the management of nuclear codes, highlighting how Lean Startup principles can be applied even in highly regulated and critical environments, leading to more humane and efficient processes.
"and I'll tell you a funny story it's like the what's different about these projects is not the people that are in them but the flavor of the kind of things that they work on are really different so in..."
Continuing the discussion on the NSA, Ries explains how Lean Startup methodologies were implemented to improve the processes surrounding nuclear code management. He emphasizes that even in the most regulated environments, innovative problem-solving can lead to significant advancements, challenging the notion that such environments are too rigid for startup principles.
"do it they have to be specially reinforced and one of the regional offices of the USCIS figured that it would be a lot easier structurally speaking to just build the processing center into a cave for ..."
Ries advocates for applying Lean Startup problem-solving techniques to a broader range of issues beyond traditional business contexts. He argues that even organizations facing stringent regulations can benefit from these methodologies, as demonstrated by the NSA's successful projects, which have significant implications for public policy and governance.
"remarkable and I mean I could tell you story after story about that there's a one of the craziest things that I would never have predicted when I started doing Lean Startup there is a huge Lean Startu..."
In this concluding segment, Ries reflects on the dedication and innovation of government employees, comparing them favorably to their private sector counterparts. He shares insights from his experiences with UK security services, emphasizing that the commitment to mission-driven work is equally strong in both sectors, and highlights the transformative potential of applying startup principles in government.
"computer system is held under is unbelievable I've never seen it obviously but they have a physical space called the no lone zone which is the room that the actual computer sits in and is like isolate..."
As the session wraps up, Eric Ries thanks the audience and invites questions. He expresses his willingness to engage further with attendees, reinforcing the importance of dialogue in fostering innovation and growth within organizations. This segment highlights the interactive nature of the event and the value of community engagement in entrepreneurial management.
"asking that question I'm um I'm sure we could stay here for more cutting but we'll come to the end of our meeting it's been an absolute pleasure to have Eric share he's inside with all of us he's gonn..."