
46 segments available
Sachin Kansal is chief product officer at Uber, where he oversees the Rider, Driver, Delivery, Grocery, and New Verticals product lines used for 33 million daily trips worldwide. He’s been in product for over 25 years (at Google, Palm, Flywheel, and now Uber). He is known for his “extreme dogfooding” ethos—personally completing almost a thousand Uber driving and delivery trips to sharpen his product insight and user empathy—and his “ship, ship, ship” mantra, which drives rapid iteration across Uber’s global teams. *What you will learn:* 1. Dogfooding at scale 2. “Ship, ship, ship” as a cultural mantra 3. Obsession with inputs over outputs 4. Uber’s hybrid marketplace vision for autonomy 5. How Uber changed its culture to focus on profitability 6. What to do when data says “no” but your gut says “yes” 7. Career advice: maximize cycles 8. AI as a research assistant, not an oracle 9. Uber rider etiquette tips *Transcript:* https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/why-ubers-cpo-delivers-food-on-weekends-sachin-kansal *Brought to you by:* Paragon—Ship every SaaS integration your customers want: https://www.useparagon.com/lenny Stripe—Financial infrastructure to grow your revenue: https://stripe.com/ Coda—The all-in-one collaborative workspace: https://coda.io/lenny *Where to find Sachin Kansal:* • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/sachinkansal/ *Where to find Lenny:* • Newsletter: https://www.lennysnewsletter.com • X: https://twitter.com/lennysan • LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lennyrachitsky/ *In this episode, we cover:* (00:00) Sachin’s background (05:00) Dogfooding in practice (11:24) Empathy and understanding drivers (20:18) Balancing metrics and user experience (22:04) Operationalizing dogfooding (24:26) Challenges and solutions in dogfooding (29:49) The motto: “ship, ship, ship” (36:37) Product announcements and live demos (40:49) Career advice for product managers (43:51) The evolution of product management with AI (46:55) Collaboration between engineers and product managers (49:36) Uber’s vision for self-driving cars (55:59) Uber’s path to profitability (01:01:58) Balancing data and gut decisions (01:07:21) AI tools in product management (01:10:14) Failure corner (01:13:48) Lightning round and final thoughts *Referenced:* • Uber: https://www.uber.com/ • Oracle: https://www.oracle.com/ • Snowflake: https://www.snowflake.com/en/ • Fivetran: https://go.fivetran.com/ • Uber for Business: https://www.uber.com/us/en/business • McDonald’s: https://www.mcdonalds.com/ • Domino’s: https://www.dominos.com • PalmPilot: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PalmPilot • Praveen Neppalli Naga on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/pneppalli/ • May Mobility: https://maymobility.com/ • Uber strikes deal with May Mobility to deploy ‘thousands’ of robotaxis: https://www.theverge.com/news/659563/uber-may-mobility-autonomous-ridehail-partnership • Waymo: https://waymo.com/ • WeRide: https://www.weride.ai/ • Uber and Avride Announce Autonomous Delivery and Mobility Partnership: https://investor.uber.com/news-events/news/press-release-details/2024/Uber-and-Avride-Announce-Autonomous-Delivery-and-Mobility-Partnership/default.aspx • Dara Khosrowshahi on X: https://x.com/dkhos • Uber Elevate: https://www.uber.com/us/en/elevate/vision/ • Uber AV: https://www.uber.com/us/en/autonomous/ • Uber Reserve: https://www.uber.com/us/en/ride/how-it-works/reserve/ • Uber for teens: https://www.uber.com/us/en/ride/teens/ • Flywheel: https://www.flywheel.com/ • ChatGPT: https://chatgpt.com/ • Gemini: https://gemini.google.com/app • NotebookLM: https://notebooklm.google/ • Behind the product: NotebookLM | Raiza Martin (Senior Product Manager, AI @ Google Labs): https://www.lennysnewsletter.com/p/googles-notebooklm-raiza-martin • BlackBerry: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlackBerry • Peaky Blinders on Netflix: https://www.netflix.com/title/80002479 • Deep research: https://openai.com/index/introducing-deep-research/ *Recommended books:* • Blitzscaling: The Lightning-Fast Path to Building Massively Valuable Companies: https://www.amazon.com/Blitzscaling-Lightning-Fast-Building-Massively-Companies/dp/1524761419 • Nobody Wants to Read Your Sh*t: Why That Is And What You Can Do About It: https://www.amazon.com/Nobody-Wants-Read-Your-Sh-ebook/dp/B01GZ1TJBI • Steve Jobs: https://www.amazon.com/Steve-Jobs-Walter-Isaacson/dp/1451648537 • Elon Musk: https://www.amazon.com/Elon-Musk-Walter-Isaacson/dp/1982181281 • The Hard Thing About Hard Things: Building a Business When There Are No Easy Answers―Straight Talk on the Challenges of Entrepreneurship: https://www.amazon.com/Hard-Thing-About-Things-Building/dp/0062273205 _Production and marketing by https://penname.co/._ _For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email podcast@lennyrachitsky.com._ Lenny may be an investor in the companies discussed.
Sachin Kansal discusses his commitment to 'dogfooding' at Uber, where he personally drives and delivers using the Uber app to gain firsthand experience. He emphasizes the importance of understanding the user experience beyond the office environment, highlighting how real-world usage can reveal flaws in product design.
"Everyone's always promoting dog fooding. It feels though that you take this to a whole other level. Either once or twice a month, I will set aside half a day and then I'll go out and I'll drive and de..."
Kansal explains the mantra 'ship, ship, ship' as a driving force behind product development at Uber. He stresses that impactful product management is about making numerous micro-decisions and rapidly iterating on products rather than just brainstorming ideas.
"product manager is not five amazing strategic ideas. It's the house and micro decisions that you made. Where should I put the button? Should I put the screen there or not? What should the copy say? Go..."
In this segment, Sachin shares insights on the significance of user feedback in product management. He highlights the balance between quantitative data and qualitative experiences, advocating for a comprehensive approach to understanding user needs through direct interaction and observation.
"an Uber driver and also as an Uber Eats delivery person. I've had a lot of people come on this podcast talk about dog fooding. I've never met anyone that takes it to the extreme that Sajin does. Much ..."
Kansal elaborates on his process of documenting insights gained from dogfooding experiences. He emphasizes the need to capture learnings through screenshots and detailed reports, which are then shared with relevant teams to drive product improvements.
"enjoy this podcast, don't forget to subscribe and follow it in your favorite podcasting app or YouTube. Also, if you become an annual subscriber of my newsletter, you get a year free of a bunch of wor..."
Sachin reveals the extent of his dogfooding efforts, mentioning that he has completed hundreds of rides and deliveries. He discusses the importance of this practice in understanding the user experience and ensuring that Uber's products meet the needs of both drivers and riders.
"automate work on behalf of users, AI agents need to be able to take action across these different thirdparty tools. So, where does Paragon fit into all this? Well, these integrations are a pain to bui..."
In this segment, Kansal talks about fostering a culture of accountability within Uber. He explains how he follows up on the issues he identifies during dogfooding, ensuring that the team addresses them promptly to enhance the overall user experience.
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Sachin discusses the emotional aspects of user experience, explaining how his firsthand experiences as a driver evoke feelings of joy and frustration. He believes that these emotions are crucial for motivating his team to improve Uber's products and services.
"prevention and beyond. Join the ranks of over half of the Fortune 100 companies that trust Stripe to drive change. Learn more at stripe.com. [Music] Sachin, thank you so much for being here and welcom..."
Kansal shares how he leverages conversations with drivers and riders during his trips to gather valuable insights. He emphasizes the importance of direct feedback in shaping product decisions and enhancing the user experience.
"just like give us a sense of what dog fooding looks like in your world. What is the scale that you go to to dog food Uber? I mean, call it dog fooding, call it uh you know, just obsession about the pr..."
In this segment, Sachin reflects on the balance between data-driven decisions and intuition in product management. He discusses how personal experiences can inform decisions that data alone may not fully capture.
"Eats orders every week. Sometimes that's too much. Uh, and again, when I'm traveling, that could increase. If I'm traveling with family, it can be a lot. It could be literally all our meals. So those ..."
Sachin Kansal emphasizes the necessity of experiencing Uber services firsthand to truly understand the user experience. He discusses how the emotional reactions of drivers during rides can inform product development, highlighting the difference between theoretical design and real-world application. This segment underscores the value of empathy in product management and the insights gained from personal involvement in the service.
"a certain way, I can actually see how they use the driver app. So that actually drives me a lot of learning. And every day there's an aha moment that oh I you know this is what he just did. A text mes..."
In this segment, Sachin shares surprising revelations from his experiences as an Uber driver. He discusses the unexpected excitement of receiving ride offers and the emotional impact of driver-passenger interactions. This highlights the importance of understanding the human element in the Uber experience, which often goes unnoticed in product development discussions.
"doing it myself. And I do think that that emotion is very important. I'm a big believer in then bringing that emotion to my work. Whether it's an emotion of joy, I have many many moments of joy and I ..."
Sachin recounts a poignant early experience as a driver that deepened his empathy for Uber drivers. He reflects on the emotional weight of unspoken expectations from passengers and how this realization shapes his approach to product design. This segment illustrates the critical role of empathy in understanding user needs and improving the driver experience.
"we obsess about our app and our app is the center of our universe. But when a passenger gets in the car, the center of the driver's universe is that interaction with the passenger. That human touch be..."
Sachin discusses the diverse preferences of Uber drivers regarding ride lengths and how these preferences can vary widely. He provides insights into what annoys drivers and offers practical tips for riders to enhance their interactions with drivers. This segment emphasizes the importance of understanding driver perspectives to improve overall service quality.
"empathy in my mind for drivers. And I want to I want to make sure that my team understands that's their life. And everything we build for them has to have that level of empathy. And I would say that w..."
In this segment, Sachin explains the need to balance quantitative metrics with qualitative user experiences in product development. He argues that while metrics are essential for understanding user behavior, they cannot capture the emotional nuances of user interactions. This highlights the importance of fostering a culture that values both data and empathy in product management.
"annoy a driver. I'll give you a couple of tips. It's totally okay for you to be on the phone. You know we have to do that. Just ask them for permission. to say, "Are you okay if I'm on the phone?" The..."
Sachin outlines how Uber operationalizes empathy within its product teams. He discusses initiatives like organizing driving weeks for employees and setting OKRs to address driver feedback. This segment illustrates how Uber integrates user experience insights into its product development processes, reinforcing the importance of empathy in creating better products.
"bring. Now the question is do you have a culture that allows coexistence of both? Does it allow a coexistence of you bringing emotion as well as the numbers? And that's what I am trying to create ever..."
Sachin discusses the challenge of balancing resources between fixing user experience issues and pursuing growth metrics. He explains how Uber sets OKRs that include both 'fixit' goals and growth objectives, ensuring that addressing user pain points remains a priority. This segment highlights the strategic approach to resource allocation in product management.
"the last uh I would say especially the last maybe three years postcoid because during covid I think it was a little bit harder for us to gather everyone together. And then the last thing I'll say is w..."
In this segment, Sachin emphasizes the leadership's commitment to investing in user experience improvements at Uber. He discusses how this commitment influences resource allocation and prioritization, ensuring that enhancing the user experience is a core focus alongside growth initiatives. This highlights the role of leadership in fostering a culture of empathy and user-centric design.
"would be we call them fixit. So we sign up for 300 fixit for the next 6 months. In addition to that, we do sign up for a growth goal. We sign up for a retention goal. We sign up for a cost savings goa..."
Sachin offers advice on how companies with non-consumer products can cultivate a culture of dogfooding. He shares examples from Uber's operations, emphasizing the importance of getting close to the customer experience, even in B2B contexts. This segment provides actionable insights for product teams looking to enhance their understanding of user needs, regardless of their product type.
"Absolutely. Some people hearing this just as a final question along this area uh are going to feel like okay Uber so easy to dog food. Of course I'll order Uber Eats every day. I'll go and ride. So go..."
Kansal elaborates on his mantra 'ship, ship, ship,' explaining its significance in product development. He stresses the importance of minimizing cycle time from problem identification to solution delivery, advocating for a culture that prioritizes shipping code over documentation. This segment highlights the balance between speed and quality in product management, encouraging teams to act decisively and iteratively.
"advice there is just uh find a way, get as close as you can. You may not be able to ride an Uber, drive an Uber car, get an Uber ride, but uh there's some way you can get really close. It may not be e..."
In this segment, Sachin Kansal shares strategies for operationalizing the 'ship, ship, ship' philosophy. He discusses the importance of reducing decision-making time and implementing product reviews to facilitate quicker outcomes. By distinguishing between one-way and two-way doors in decision-making, he provides actionable insights for product teams to enhance their efficiency and responsiveness.
"constant quest uh to get as good as we can. What does this look like in practice other than just reminding people ship ship ship ship ship ship? Just you know repeating this mantra. How do you help pe..."
Kansal reflects on the effectiveness of daily standups during challenging periods at Uber, particularly in addressing driver shortages. He emphasizes the need for hands-on leadership to unblock teams and expedite decision-making. This segment illustrates how proactive engagement and clear communication can lead to significant improvements in team performance and product delivery.
"to be an exception rather than the rule but yes, uh I want to be able to step in or I want all our leaders to be able to step in when needed. I think you have to be hands-on. You have to be hands-on w..."
In this segment, Sachin Kansal explains the rationale behind insisting on live demos during product announcements. He highlights the importance of storytelling in product presentations and the internal pride it fosters among teams. By showcasing products in action, he believes it enhances user engagement and reinforces the commitment to quality and readiness before launch.
"of where daily standards help I try to minimize that the PRD example yes I did write a PRD it was a 15-page PRD we were working on a pretty big concept and it was a risky concept and uh it's it was dr..."
Kansal discusses the dual motivations for conducting live demos: external storytelling and internal team pride. He emphasizes the rigorous preparation required for successful product launches and the sense of accomplishment it brings to the team. This segment underscores the importance of maintaining high standards and fostering a culture that values both product excellence and team morale.
"step in, especially if you're trying to remove ambiguity and you're trying to just speed decisions up. It's okay to step in and be hands on. Another tactic that I heard that uh I think that I want to ..."
Sachin Kansal shares valuable career advice for early-stage product managers, emphasizing the importance of gaining experience through rapid product cycles. He encourages aspiring professionals to focus on making numerous micro-decisions that build their product sense over time. This segment provides insights into developing judgment and intuition in product management, highlighting the significance of hands-on experience in shaping a successful career.
"personal responsibility to make sure that I can help sort of bring that moment. But yes, leading up to that is a lot of work, a lot of stress. Uh, okay that was a great answer. Today's episode is brou..."
In this segment, Sachin discusses how AI is transforming product management practices. He reflects on the evolution of product management over the past 24 years, noting that while AI enhances efficiency in processes like market research and user feedback, the fundamental need to understand end users remains unchanged. This highlights the balance between leveraging technology and maintaining user empathy in product development.
"down and there's almost like implicit advice here is if you're working at a company that takes a long time to ship this probably not a good place to be starting your career. That's that's right. That'..."
Sachin stresses that understanding end users is the constant in product management, despite technological advancements. He explains that grasping diverse user needs across different demographics and regions is essential for product success. This segment underscores the challenge of truly internalizing user feedback and the ongoing necessity for product managers to develop deep insights into their users' experiences.
"has not changed in those 24 years is you having to understand what your end users want. And I know that's kind of the cliche of product management like yes of course I have to understand what my end u..."
Sachin shares his perspective on collaboration between product managers and engineers, advocating for a co-creative approach. He expresses frustration with engineers who wait for detailed product requirement documents (PRDs) before starting work. This segment highlights the importance of open communication and collaboration in product development, emphasizing that great ideas can come from any team member, regardless of their role.
"Uber uh CTO of part of Uber Pine who I believe you work with at Uber. Yeah. Okay. Uh, so the question here was, "Ask him what he hates from engineers." Does that ring any sort of bells? I think I thin..."
In this segment, Sachin outlines Uber's strategy regarding self-driving vehicles. He explains the shift from having an in-house self-driving unit to partnering with other companies to create a hybrid network of human drivers and autonomous vehicles. This approach aims to optimize vehicle utilization and meet varying demand levels, showcasing Uber's commitment to innovation in the evolving transportation landscape.
"the question. That's great. And I think what's also interesting along those lines is it's a lot easier now to write a a good version of a PRD1 pager with AI tooling where you kind of just like here's ..."
Sachin elaborates on Uber's hybrid marketplace model, which integrates human drivers with autonomous vehicles. He discusses the benefits of this model in balancing supply and demand, particularly during peak and off-peak times. This segment highlights the strategic importance of partnerships and technology in enhancing service efficiency and user satisfaction in Uber's operations.
"that now that's our strategy. Now what does that actually mean? What do these partners do? What we are building is we are building a hybrid network. The hybrid network has a hybrid of human drivers uh..."
Sachin addresses the ongoing need for human drivers in Uber's operations, even as autonomous technology advances. He emphasizes that human drivers will continue to play a crucial role in providing services, especially in complex scenarios that AVs cannot handle. This segment reinforces Uber's commitment to creating diverse earning opportunities for drivers while integrating new technologies.
"autonomy. We think autonomy is going to lead to more safety. It is going to take some time. uh so as we project out we don't know if it is going to be 5 years or 10 years till it sees a certain kind o..."
Sachin reflects on Uber's cultural shift towards prioritizing profitability. He discusses the challenges of moving from a growth-at-all-costs mentality to a focus on cash flow and efficiency. This segment highlights the innovative strategies employed to reduce costs and improve operational efficiency, showcasing how Uber is adapting to market demands while ensuring sustainable growth.
"earnings opportunities on our platform. I mean even me going back to dog fooding uh about I think about a year ago I also started picking up groceries because now we have a pretty large grocery busine..."
In this segment, Sachin Kansal elaborates on the ongoing efforts to eliminate inefficiencies within Uber's marketplace. He discusses the various areas where cost savings can be achieved and the importance of maintaining a solid core business to support future growth.
"But that's where real innovation actually kicks in. Let me give you an example. One of the ways that you would take cost out of the system in the delivery world is to batch trips together. So when a c..."
Kansal shares insights on the delicate balance between driving profitability and pursuing new growth opportunities. He introduces his framework of concentric circles to illustrate how focusing on the core product allows Uber to explore innovative ventures without losing sight of efficiency.
"which is our core marketplace logic how do we take inefficiency out of how we do promotions. How do we take inefficiencies out of support costs payment costs, background check costs? There are many, m..."
Sachin reflects on the leadership decisions made during the COVID-19 pandemic, including the divestment from self-driving and aerial taxi initiatives. He emphasizes the importance of making tough calls to ensure the company's survival and future growth.
"be efficient the government you know the US government's going through this uh it's very difficult to do well without you know cutting things that are really dear to people especially like at a produc..."
In this segment, Kansal discusses instances where Uber's leadership made decisions based on intuition rather than data. He shares examples of successful initiatives that stemmed from understanding user needs, even when the data suggested otherwise.
"just drive profitability and you may lose your sight on new growth bets as we call them here and how do you do that? So, I I have my framework on this which is I think of our portfolio as concentric c..."
Kansal recounts the launch of Uber for Teens and the rationale behind it, despite initial skepticism from parents and risk management teams. He highlights the importance of addressing real user problems and how this initiative has resonated with families.
"trips every day. It just the numbers just really start to add up. So you have to make sure that you're spending you're paying a lot of attention to that. as I go out and dog food, I'm dog fooding the ..."
Sachin shares a pivotal moment from his career at Palm, reflecting on the challenges faced when competing against Apple and Android. He discusses the lessons learned about market dynamics and the importance of agility in consumer technology.
"feels like is shifting a bit. So historically, I know a lot of people that have worked at Uber over the years or Uber has this reputation of being very data driven, very like ruthless with porization...."
In this segment, Kansal emphasizes the significance of user sentiment in product development, particularly in safety features. He explains how addressing user concerns can lead to improved perceptions of safety and overall user experience.
"incidents you're having and then you just just like a growth hacking project you just drive that number down needing to do whatever you can. I said in addition to that we also need to incorporate a lo..."
Kansal discusses the strategic decision to integrate taxis into the Uber platform, despite historical tensions. He explains how this move has created new revenue streams and improved service offerings for users.
"at a com I worked at a company called Flywheel, which is a taxi app company. And so I spent three years there. That's what got me into transportation or being interested in transportation and eventual..."
Sachin shares how Uber's teams are leveraging AI tools like ChatGPT and Gemini to enhance productivity and streamline user research. He highlights the benefits of using AI for summarizing documents and generating insights for product development.
"to 15 different cities. In New York City, by the way, every single yellow cab is hailable through the Uber app. Uh, and that is generating, you know, a pretty large amount of revenue for us. And we ha..."
In this segment, Kansal reflects on the challenges and failures encountered in product management. He emphasizes the importance of learning from setbacks and maintaining a focus on user needs to drive future success.
"every single one of these problems that parents have uh in terms of safety. So we launched that two years ago. It's been growing really, really well. And in fact, in California, for several reasons, w..."
Sachin Kansal shares his experiences at Palm, reflecting on the challenges faced when competing against giants like Apple and Google. He discusses the importance of speed, hustle, and resilience in product management, emphasizing that failures can lead to valuable lessons that shape one's career and approach to product development.
"uh clearly there's something you could do there, whatever your product is. And by the way, it's cool that you guys give access to JAGBT. A lot of companies don't. Like a lot of companies only have Gem..."
In this segment, Sachin emphasizes the need for product managers to prioritize the end user's experience. He explains that while users have complex lives and are not focused on the product, the moments they do engage with it should be exceptional. This insight highlights the importance of creating seamless experiences that integrate into users' daily routines.
"learning and I think the second learning is speed and hustle and resilience. Uh after palm I spent time at a couple of startups. I mentioned flywheel which was a taxi company which is also not able to..."
Sachin recommends influential books for aspiring product managers, including biographies of Steve Jobs and Elon Musk, and Ben Horowitz's 'The Hard Thing About Hard Things.' He discusses how these books provide context and insights that can help product managers navigate challenges and persist through difficult times in their careers.
"an experience that they will not forget or it will be so seamless for them that they don't have to think about. So next day when they're again going to work they just open the Uber app just as as musc..."
Sachin shares his life motto of focusing on inputs rather than outputs, explaining that while outcomes are often beyond control, the actions taken to achieve them are not. This principle applies to various aspects of life and work, reinforcing the idea that consistent effort and attention to detail lead to better results.
"think that takeaway is extremely strong in the books that I talked about and the Ben Horovitz book, it goes back to my concept of resilience. We have some people have this really optimistic view of ho..."
In this light-hearted segment, Sachin offers practical advice for customers ordering food delivery. He emphasizes the importance of turning on porch lights at night to assist delivery drivers in finding their way, highlighting how small gestures can significantly improve the delivery experience for both parties.
"kids are sick of that. I wonder what context you use with your kids. But anyway, final question. You shared a really good tip for how to not annoy an Uber driver. What about as a food delivery person?..."