John Jumper on June 16, 2025 at AI Startup School in San Francisco. John Jumper is a physicist-turned-computational biologist who led DeepMind’s AlphaFold team—and earned the 2024 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for solving protein folding, a decades-old scientific challenge. In this talk, he shares how a deep learning breakthrough at CASP14 turned into AlphaFold 1 and then AlphaFold 2, delivering atomic accuracy predictions and revolutionizing biology. He explains the scientific puzzle behind protein folding, the key algorithmic breakthroughs, and the impact of making millions of protein structures accessible to researchers worldwide. Apply to Y Combinator: https://ycombinator.com/apply Work at a startup: https://workatastartup.com Chapters: 00:00 - Personal Background 01:26 - Transition to Computational Biology 02:01 - Journey into Machine Learning 02:59 - Joining Google DeepMind 03:47 - AlphaFold and Its Impact 04:54 - The Complexity of Cells and Proteins 07:44 - Challenges in Protein Structure Determination 10:28 - Building the AlphaFold AI System 11:29 - The Importance of Research in AI 13:28 - AlphaFold's Breakthrough and Public Data 18:09 - Making AlphaFold Accessible 21:20 - Real-World Applications and Success Stories 22:33 - Engineering New Proteins with AlphaFold 25:23 - Future of AI in Structural Biology